Category: Communication

‘Besides, this Duncan hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been so clear in his great office, that his virtues will plea like Angels’ Quote that praises Duncan.

Means Duncan was a good King that the Angels will sing for him in heaven.

‘Commends th’ingredients of our poisoned chalice’ Quote that shows Macbeth committing a bad deed.

OUR is the keyword it shows it belongs to Macbeth and possibly Lady Macbeth. Poisoned is a bad thing and chalice is referring to his deed or sin. So poisoned chalice mean bad deed or bad sin.

To inherit my fathers fortune I need to be the eldest, yet my brother stands ahead of me. The money should belong to me, I deserve it, but he’s in the way. I need to cut him out so I can obtain my money. God please forgive me, mum look away, do not witness my pure sins.

This is weird, usually it gives us harm, the witches are telling us the truth with small things to gain trust and then they lie to us about something that has great consequences.

Aahnaf Newaz and Hasan Ali

Lichens can be used as environmental indicators as they can only grow in places with clean air. They can’t grow in a place where the air is polluted with sulfur dioxide, therefore they can show us which areas are more polluted than others. Some types of lichens (Leafy and Crusty) can grow in places where there is pollution, however it has to be at a low amount. Bushy lichens are the only types of lichens that need really clean air. Lichens are unlikely to grow in places near roads as they are used by a lot of cars that release sulfur dioxide. The near roads the level of sulfur dioxide will high and so the air will be polluted. Yellow colored lichens are extremely unlikely to grow in places near roads as they need clean air to grow. Green and red lichens can grow in places near roads as long as the level of sulfur dioxide is low.

Fossil fuels are one major reason to why SO2 and CO2 is released in to the atmosphere. The way we can remove SO2 and CO2 from the atmosphere is by using several different methods such as solar panels to reduce the amount of fossils fuels being burnt for power. We can also use wind turbines which will generate electricity which means we would not need to use any fossil fuels which would reduce the SO2 in the air. The reason why would know it will be working is because Lichens would grow and when they do the color of their organism will be either green or yellow, yellow meaning the air is clean and if it is green then the air is slightly polluted. So by building these things in the countryside or on buildings(solar panels) you can reduce the amount of CO2 and SO2 in the air keeping it less polluted.

Doubtful it stood;
As two spent swimmers, that do cling together
And choke their art. The merciless Macdonwald–
Worthy to be a rebel, for to that
The multiplying villanies of nature
Do swarm upon him–from the western isles
Of kerns and gallowglasses is supplied;
And fortune, on his damned quarrel smiling,
Show’d like a rebel’s whore: but all’s too weak:
For brave Macbeth–well he deserves that name–
Disdaining fortune, with his brandish’d steel,
Which smoked with bloody execution,
Like valour’s minion carved out his passage
Till he faced the slave;
Which ne’er shook hands, nor bade farewell to him,
Till he unseam’d him from the nave to the chaps,
And fix’d his head upon our battlements.

You couldn’t tell who was going to win

It was like two tired swimmers, grabbing each other

Struggling to drown each other. The evil rebel Macdonwald

Protected by increasing amount of villains supporting him.

Even soldiers from the Western Isles helped him.

Luck was like a prostitute for him, however they were still to weak.

As the courage of Macbeth got rid of that luck

And chopped himself a route to Macdonwald.

Macbeth never shook his hand or said goodbye but

Cut him from the his naval to his jaw with his sword and

Placed his head on our battlements.

We live today aware of the struggles and problems that our world is facing, yet we do nothing to help. We do not speak up and offer a helping hand to those who need it. Those who are seeking refuge away from their war infected country, those who go on for days with out food and can drink only dirty water and those who suffer from terrible illness. We sit here knowing all of this, but we don’t stand up for it and this is what I want us all to do. I want everyone not just in this city, in this country but in this world

Snowball – Leon Trotsky.  Trotsky was exiled from Russia like Snowball was by Napoleon and his dogs. Trotsky also had power before he was exiled and was a key figure when the Czar was overthrown. Again Snowball was like a leader for the other animals on the farm and helped to get rid of Mr Jones.

Napoleon – Joseph Stalin. Stalin reminds me of Napoleon because they both had similar characteristics. They both weren’t good speakers, were ruthless and strong. Also, like Stalin, Napoleon was always determined to get his way. Neither of them would let someone else control them and wouldn’t let anyone have different opinions that would go against them.

Old Major – Karl Marx. I think that Karl Marx is Old Major since Karl Marx talked about communism and about leading a country. Old Major motivated the animals to overthrow Mr Jones and turned them into a communist estate. Old Major talked about communism to the other animals, but never said it was communism.

Mr Jones – Nicholas II. Nicholas II was the czar and was overthrown by Russia because he was a terrible leader and the people of Russia hated him. The animals hated Mr Jones and they got rid of him.

Boxer – Working class. Boxer always works and always followed Napoleon thinking he was always right, just like the working class people did for Stalin.

Animalism – Communism. The animals run under a communist estate, but they called it animalism.

Foxwood Farm – England

Pinchfield Farm – Germany

Day and Night

The smell of cooked meat mixed with herbs and spices polluted the air around me. The scent was so strong you could taste it. It made my mouth water. I couldn’t wait to eat it. The sound of my grandma ordering the cooks around could hardly be heard over the shouts of my cousins running through the massive house, causing chaos. Out in the courtyard, the sun rays danced across the floor and the wind whistled, blowing leaves from the small forest into the house. I was sitting by the pond, under the large ancient tree that had been there before my dad was born. I loved sitting under the tree. It gave me protection from the harsh, blinding sun light. I would watch the ripples travel across the pond when a leaf would fly down, spiralling like a ballet. Here was probably the most peaceful and beautiful spot in the area. The golden exotic plants growing across the pond made the spot look more stunning. I would’ve sat there the entire day. My dad and his father, were sitting together on the patio reading the same newspaper. After they read an article they would spend a good five to ten minutes discussing it. Sometimes they would break out in a debate, which was always entertaining to watch. Suddenly the sound of pots and pans clattering together, echoed out of the house. Then in a split second one of my cousins came bolting out of the house, followed by his mother. He must have knocked over a bunch of pans and now was in a lot of trouble with his mum. They ran into the next building. Unlike my uncles, who were charged with excitement, I wasn’t bothered to follow. I just laid under my tree, next to the pond, sniffing in the lovely smell of the food, in tranquillity.

The sound of the dogs roar, made me jump from sleep. It was pitch black in the room. I couldn’t see anything. It was petrifying. The darkness engulfed my mind and tried to tempt my fears into revealing themselves. I tossed and turned, hoping my mind would ignore the whispers of the dark. I desperately wanted to fall back asleep and escape this nightmare, but all kinds of noises intoxicated the atmosphere around me. That made it worse. I lay there covered in my thin blanket, desperate to fall asleep. I forced my eyes closed and tried to keep out the dark and my fears, but they were already lurking in the dark shadows of my mind. Moments later, a sudden realisation came to me. I had to go to the toilet. My eyes had widened. My heart started to beat frantically. The monsters of my mind had been released and seized control of the room. I instantly covered myself with my blanket. All I could hear was the monsters, laughing and mocking me. The toilet was across the courtyard, in the other building.

Romeo and Juliet is one of the many plays written by William Shakespeare. This play has been performed in theatres everywhere and has been watched by millions of people over the years. Not only has it been acted out in theatres, it has also been interpreted in films in different styles. Baz Luhrmann had produced his own adaptation of the play. His concept was a modern-day version of the play. Luhrmann did well to maintain the spirit of Shakespearean theatre alive in his movie.

Baz Luhrmann’s adaptation of Romeo and Juliet was set in a modern-day world. He had replaced the swords with guns, had cars, TVs, almost everything we have now. However through the movie, instead of having modern English, Luhrmann kept the Shakespearean language. All the dialogue spoken was the same as the Shakespearean script. Luhrmann could have had many different reasons to why he chose to keep the Shakespearian language, but by keeping it, he had retained the spirit of Shakespeare in his movie.

In Romeo and Juliet the theme of fate was developed and had controlled the play. Baz Luhrmann also kept the theme of fate in his movie. In the scene before Romeo and his friends go to the Capulet’s party, Romeo stops them. He says he had a premonition in a dream he had the previous night. He dreamt that this party would eventually lead him to his own death. Luhrmann directed this scene by having Romeo speak the lines and at the same time he would show a future scene. It showed Romeo walking down a church aisle. At the time that would have meant nothing to the audience, but that same scene shows when Romeo is about to die. After Romeo discusses his dream, he says he won’t bother with it and will let fate lead him, ‘But he that hath the steerage of my course, Direct my sail‘.

In his plays, Shakespeare would use a lot of language features and styles. For example Dramatic Irony. Shakespeare would use dramatic irony to captivate the audience’s minds and would play around with their emotions. He would make them frustrated or annoyed that when something big is going on only the audience would know but the characters would have no clue. Baz Luhrmann takes that on and uses it effectively in his movie. There is a certain scene that toys with the audience’s minds. When Friar Lawrence sends the letter explaining his plan to Romeo, the post man knocks at Romeos caravan door, but doesn’t notice Romeo at the back. The postman then leaves a message saying that Romeo was not at home when the post arrived, so he must pick it up later. That note falls to the ground and Romeo does not see it. Later when Romeo finds out that Juliet is ‘dead’ he rushes to Verona, stepping on that note! That probably did end up irritating the audience.

During the Elizabethan times, women were not allowed to act in theatres. That meant men would have to play women characters and dress up like women. Luhrmann did have actresses in his movie, however in one scene, Mercutio dresses up as a woman. The scene of the Capulet’s party, Romeo’s and his friend’s all dress up in costumes. Mercutio, Romeo’s closest friend, is a male character and is played by an actor, but he arrives dressed up as a women for the party. In Shakespeare’s script, Mercutio does not dress up as a women, so Luhrmann had added that in, making a connection to the Elizabethan times.

During Elizabethan times, religion was a priority. Everyone was dedicated to a religion and so was Shakespeare. Shakespeare made his characters Catholics. Now, not everyone is dedicated to a religion, some people are atheists or agnostic. People, who follow a religion may not even follow it properly. Luhrmann still kept religion big in his movie. He kept the characters as Catholics and had many religious symbols in the movie. Friar Lawrence, the city’s priest, had a tattoo of the cross on his back. Romeo always says that without Juliet he can not live, so when Romeo found out that Juliet was ‘dead’ he fell on his knees and stretched his arms out. He fell into the crucifixion pose of Jesus. Romeo, in that position, cried out to God,’I defy you stars’. So he turns against God. Also Juliet had candles and a picture if Jesus in her room. At times she would pray to it.

Baz Luhrmann had succeeded in keeping the spirit of Shakespearian theatre alive, in his adaptation of Romeo and Juliet. He had sustained the spirit in various ways and made many links to the Elizabethan times during his interpretation of the movie. Luhrmann had certainly managed to keep the spirit of Shakespeare alive.

In his plays, Shakespeare uses all kinds of language devices. His uses of devices makes his work better, stronger and more interesting. Romeo and Juliet is a clear example of this. Shakespeare applies metaphors to construct a semantic field in his play Romeo and Juliet. He makes it seem that the characters in the play are directed by fate. Shakespeare does this by establishing metaphors onto other metaphors, elaborating on each other. It’s not just Romeo and Juliet where he achieves this. In his other play, Macbeth, fate is also a major theme. Shakespeare produces this idea of fate right from the beginning of the play. Within the prologue. The prologue states, that Romeo and Juliet will kill themselves, ‘A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life‘. It says this as if they were destined to die. As if it was in their fate.

Later in the play Capulet’s servant went out looking for somebody that could read the names, on the party invite list, given to the servant by Capulet. The servant ‘conveniently’  happened to bump into Romeo, who could read, ‘God ‘i’ good e’en. I pray, sir, can you read?’. Romeo read the list for him and found the name of the girl he loves, on it. This sets the plot of the play into motion. Romeo would now go to this party. However, instead of seeing his crush, he will find Juliet and fall in love with her. Now this could all just be a coincident that he bumped into the servant, or it was already written out in his fate.

Before going to the party, Romeo and his friends meet up. Here, Romeo says how he feels uncomfortable going to this party and that he dreamt something dreadful could happen at the party. Something that could result in his near timely death. But Romeo dismisses this, and says he will let the person that controls his fate lead him. ‘By some vile forfeit of untimely death. But he that hath the steerage of my course, direct my sail.’  Romeo describes himself as a boat. Shakespeare added an extra metaphor in there. What Romeo refers to as ‘course’ is his fate and ‘sail’ is himself. Hence he is saying that he will let whoever controlling his fate guide him.